Provisions sent to us. Climate. R. "Poo-ho." Troops. Coast and interior country. CL Yun-ping-foo." Mirage great. Country to the southward flat and wet.
12 The men were all cavalry, and armed with spears or matchlocks. Understanding that we had asked for some provisions, they sent us a few fowls and melons, for which they refused money, but eventually someone took it.
There is a small fort about a mile W. of the river's mouth, but, as it evidently does not command the entrance, it is probable that a road passes near it. It is an insignificant little thing.
The description they gave of the climate is as follows:-There is cold weather with ice in the 10, 12, 1, 2 and 3 months, during which time the rivers are frozen, and occasionally the Bay also for two miles out. Snow falls to a depth varying from 2 inches to 2 feet. The ice breaks up in the third month.
They notice no difference in the level of the sea in the summer and winter months. Some say the water falls very slightly after a continuance of north wind.
They said that in 21 days they should commence wearing warm clothes. The soldiers were said to have come from “Yim-ping-foo."
August 4th.--Moved down to the mouths of the Poo-ho," which is a short shallow river, which winds from the S.W. It is not navigable. Junks unload about 3-mile from the bar, and this spot is protected by an earthen fort of no great size.
On our arrival, we saw that the guns were manned. There might have been 6 or 7, from the number of sponge-heads I saw over the parapet. Troops also turned out and formed, just behind some hills. Some cavalry came down when we landed; amongst them a colonel, who, they said, came from a camp 50 le off.
Landing at another spot, we saw a camp, distant about 2 miles from the landing place. There is evidently a road from this place; and as this river and the Yang-ho" are both so small as to admit of only a few junks unloading at the same time, they are possibly both used to supply the same district; and it is, therefore, likely that a road leads from the "Poo-ho" to the road by which the corn from the "Yang-ho" is carried to the great road, and that this road passes by the forts mentioned as being near the latter river.
Between these rivers sandhills exist along the shore, about 30 feet high, and running back into the country for about a mile, Within them the country is flat.
A range of hills, which run N.E. and S.W., terminates S. of the river's mouth, at a distance of about 7 miles. The country up to them being flat, cultivated, and with rows of trees, and some villages.
There is said to be a town called "Yun-ping-foo," about 150 le N. of this and the other side of the mountains,
August 7th. The horizon being always so distorted here, we landed to take the altitude with artificial horizon.
Sketched the country S. of the mouth of the "Poo-ho." The same sand-hills run parallel to the coast, also the "Poo-ho," which receives its water apparently from a vast extent of flat and swampy ground. The country here is so flat that it is possible it may to a considerable extent be affected by the tide, either by being actually flooded or by the river which drains it having its course dammed up by the tide.
9th.-Landed some miles farther to the south. There is here a large flat, which is covered, at very high tide, to an extent of 4 miles inland. It is composed of sand and mud. At one spot, near where the tide enters, to get over the flat, boats unload. Horses are sent down here to graze.
We were accosted by a Mandarin. We got the following information from a soldier:-
Not many miles to the S. of this spot, a considerable river runs into the sea, which, a short distance above its mouth, receives the waters of the "Chin-lung-ho," and "Lan-ho" and is then called the "Laon-moo-kaon." The town of "Yun-ping-foo" is on the "Chin-lung-ho," distant from the mouth 150 le.
The city is described as having 4 gates. It is of considerable size, but not very large. The great road runs within 1 le of the south gate, and the "Chin-lung-ho" outside the west gate, and close to the walls. The river here is said to have an embankment.
"Yun-ping-foo" is distant from Pekin 490 le, and from the Great Wall 190 le.
Going along the road from "Yun-ping-foo" to Pekin, you pass the following places:-
Tung-jen-lisien
Chechou
San-ho
Tung-chaon
Le.
160
80
The great road is partly sandy and partly stony. It passes near woods or groves of trees, but does not go through any. There is a great deal of traffic on the road (so much so as to prevent there being any game near it). There are no large cities or important places on the road.
Going from "Yun-ping-foo" to "Tien-tsin” you pass-
Yun-ping-foo"
Tung-tai (apparently a fair)
Pang-uhr-chwang (a halting place for travellers)
Tec-tao
Tien-tsin
Le.
220
70
50
23
20
360
With regard to the climate, they say the autumn commences on the 9th day of 7th Moon (8th August). The wet months are from the 4th to 8th, but the rains are not continuous. The snow and ice months are 11, 12, 1, and 2, The coast is frozen in these months more or less.
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Page 359
Page 360
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!
358
Provisions sent to
us.
Climate.
R. "Poo-ho."
Troops.
Coast and interior country.
CL
Yun-ping-foo."
Mirage great.
Country to the southward flat and
wet.
12
The men were all cavalry, and armed with spears or matchlocks. Under- standing that we had asked for some provisions, they sent us a few fowls and melons, for which they refused money, but eventually some one took it.
There is a small fort about a mile W. of the river's mouth, but, as it evidently does not command the entrance, it is probable that a road passes near it.
It is an insignificant little thing,
The description they gave of the climate is as follows:-There is cold weather with ice in the 10, 12, 1, 2 and 3 months, during which time the rivers are frozen, and occasionally the Bay also for two miles out. Snow falls to a depth varying from 2 inches to 2 feet.
The ice breaks up in the third month.
They notice no difference in the level of the sea in the summer and winter months. Some say the water falls very slightly after a continuance of north wind.
They said that in 21 days they should commence wearing warm clothes. The soldiers were said to have come from “ Yim-ping-foo,"
August 4th.--Moved down to the mouths of the Poo-ho," which is a short shallow river, which winds from the S.W. It is not navigable. Junks unload about 3-mile from the bar, and this spot is protected by an earthen fort of no great size.
On our arrival, we saw that the guns were manned. There might have been 6 or 7, from the number of sponge-heads I saw over the parapet. Troops also turned out and formed, just behind some hills. Some cavalry came down when we landed; amongst them a colonel, who, they said, came from a camp
50 le off.
CC
Landing at another spot, we saw a camp, distant about 2 miles from the landing place. There is evidently a road from this place; and as this river and the Yang-ho" are both so small as to admit of only a few junks unloading at the same time, they are possibly both used to supply the same district; and it is, therefore, likely that a road leads from the "Poo-ho" to the road by which the corn from the "Yang-ho" is carried to the great road, and that this road passes by the forts mentioned as being near the latter river.
Between these rivers sandhills exist along the shore, about 30 fect high, and running back into the country for about a mile, Within them the country
is flat.
A range of hills, which run N.E. and S.W., terminates S. of the river's mouth, at a distance of about 7 miles.
The country up to them being flat, cultivated, and with rows of trees, and some villages.
There is said to be a town called "Yun-ping-foo," about 150 le N. of this and the other side of the mountains,
August 7th. The horizon being always so distorted here, we landed to take the altitude with artificial horizon.
Sketched the country S. of the mouth of the "Poo-ho." The same sand- hills run parallel to the coast, also the "Poo-ho," which receives its water apparently from a vast extent of flat and swampy ground. The country here
13
is so flat that it is possible it may to a considerable extent be affected by the tide, either by being actually flooded on by the river which drains it having its course dammed up by the tide.
9th.-Landed some miles farther to the south. There is here a large flat, which is covered, at very high tide, to an extent of 4 miles inland. It is composed of sand and mud. At one spot, near where the tide enters, to get over the flat, boats unload.
Horses are sent down here to graze.
We were accosted by a Mandarin. We got the following information Information re-
ceived. from a soldier :-
Not many miles to the S. of this spot, a considerable river runs into the sea, which, a short distance above its mouth, receives the waters of the
Chin-lung-ho," and "Lan-ho" and is then called the "Laon-moo-kaon. R. "Laon- The town of "Yun-ping-foo" is on the "Chin-lung-ho," distant from the moo-kaon."
Yun-ping-foo."
"
mouth 150 le.
The city is described as having 4 gates.
It is of considerable size, but not very large.
The great road runs within 1 le of the south gate, and the "Chin- lung-ho" outside the west gate, and close to the walls. The river here is said to have an embankment.
190 le.
14
"Yun-ping-foo" is distant from Pekin 490 le, and from the Great Wall
Going along the road from "Yun-ping-foo" to Pekin, you pass the following Great road. places:-
Tung-jen-lisien
Chechou San-ho Tung-chaon
}
See page 11.
Le.
160
80
The great road is partly sandy and partly stony. It passes near woods or groves of trees, but does not go through any. There is a great deal of traffic on the road (so much so as to prevent there being any game near it). There are no large cities or important places on the road.
Going from "Yun-ping-foo" to "Tien-tsin” you pass-
Yun-ping-foo"
to "Tien-tsin."
Le.
Tung-tai (apparently a fair)
220
Pang-uhr-chwang (a halting place for travellers)
70
Tec-tao
50
23
Tien-tsin
20
360
With regard to the climate, they say the autumn commences on the 9th Climate.
day of 7th Moon (8th August).
The wet months are from the 4th to 8th, but the rains are not continuous. Chinese months. The snow and ice months are 11, 12, 1, and 2, The coast is frozen in these months more or less.
D
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